Fifth grade is an adjustment year for your student in elementary school.  There are many developmental characteristics that happen around the age of 9-10, and learning takes on a new form during this time.

Learning
The focus is no longer on learning to read, but reading to learn information. A big curriculum shift is now on nonfiction. Many of the projects that we do in class or that I assign for homework are based on putting together information. Many of our class projects will be based on text structures, text features, and putting together information in a nonfiction text format.

Behavior
Some other concerns might be regarding behavior. This is really a time when students start developing their independence. They start to form work habits and are expected to take on many more responsibilities. Some new behavior problems may start to exhibit themselves around this age.

How They Grow in Fifth Grade

Where They Are
The average ten-year-old has a positive approach to life. He/She:

Tends to be obedient, good natured, and fun.

Possesses a surprising scope of interests.

Finds TV very important and identifies with TV characters.

Is capable of increasing independence.

Is becoming more truthful and dependable.

Tends to be improving her self-concept and acceptance of others.

Forms good personal relationships with teachers and counselors.

Where They're Going
At ten years old, your child is developing communication skills and becoming more mature. You can help by encouraging him as he:

Improves his listening and responding skills.

Increases his problem-solving abilities.

Begins to undergo maturational changes.

Gains awareness of peer and adult expectations. 

Here is an additional link for parents of fifth graders:

Homework Helpers